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Driven by explosive large model training and inference demands, computing power density continues to surge. As single GPU power consumption jumps from 300W to over 1000W, traditional air cooling has reached its physical and energy efficiency limits. As a result, liquid cooling for data center has evolved from an innovative exploration technology to a must-have engineering solution for modern computing infrastructure.

For data center operators, learning about rear door heat exchanger (RDHx) cabinets is vital to optimize on-site heat dissipation and energy performance.

Liquid cooling has become a vital thermal management approach to balance high-performance computing, AI workloads and power supply. Technologies like immersion cooling and direct chip cooling are widely adopted, yet misunderstandings about liquid cooling still exist. Most legacy power systems cannot meet rising demands, making liquid cooling data center a must for modern operations, especially for AI data center liquid cooling scenarios.

Surging AI computing and GPU power consumption has exhausted the performance limits of traditional air cooling, which can no longer support high-density AI computing deployment. Modern high-performance data centers rely on mature data center liquid cooling system to sustain stable and efficient operation, making liquid cooling a core infrastructure for AI thermal management. This article analyzes CDU and pump selection standards, as well as global and Chinese liquid cooling market trends.

Driven by the booming prefabricated food, hot pot ingredient, seafood and ice cream markets, the frozen food industry has achieved rapid growth. Many business operators focus heavily on product selection and sales channels while ignoring cold storage configuration, which determines long-term operating costs and product quality. Improper cold room selection leads to excessive power bills, severe temperature fluctuation, cargo deterioration and huge economic losses. As cold storage construction involves professional parameters including temperature control, specifications and after-sales service, early-stage scientific selection is essential for sustainable operation.

Compared with large-scale cold storage, small and medium-sized cold rooms feature smaller floor occupation, lower investment cost and shorter payback period, showing outstanding operational flexibility. With the accelerated sinking of cold chain logistics, the market demand for small and medium cold storage continues to surge, and the total domestic demand is expected to exceed 80 million cubic meters in the next five years. Restricted by limited site conditions and capital budgets, most small and medium cold storage projects face immature construction planning and equipment selection, requiring innovative refrigeration technologies to break industry bottlenecks.

Cooling towers are essential heat dissipation equipment for industrial production and central air conditioning systems. Affected by water quality, ambient environment and operating conditions during long-term operation, scaling, algae and other contaminants easily accumulate inside the equipment, reducing heat exchange efficiency and raising system energy consumption. Regular cleaning, maintenance and timely fault handling are critical to ensure the safe, efficient and stable operation of the entire refrigeration system. A complete cold storage refrigeration system consists of four core major components and eight professional auxiliary devices, forming a standardized and systematic refrigeration circulation mechanism.

Global leading technology enterprises are comprehensively phasing out traditional air cooling and standardizing liquid cooling for AI infrastructure deployment. The year 2026 is widely recognized as the inflection point for large-scale liquid cooling commercialization across the AI industry. Industry statistics indicate that liquid cooling penetration in global AI training servers will surpass 74%, while newly-built supercomputing and AI data centers in China will fully adopt liquid cooling solutions, driving rapid expansion of the AI data center liquid cooling market into a high-growth golden phase. Escalating AI computing power has exposed the inherent limitations of conventional air cooling systems, which cannot sustain stable heat dissipation for server racks with power density exceeding 50kW. In comparison, liquid cooling delivers 3 to 5 times higher heat exchange efficiency, effectively supporting ultra-high-density racks ranging from 100kW to 1MW. It drastically reduces data center PUE from 1.4–1.8 for air cooling to 1.02–1.1, significantly cutting operational power consumption and complying with global low-carbon policies and China’s PUE regulatory standards. Continuous iteration of high-power AI chips from NVIDIA, Google, AMD, Huawei and Cambricon makes high-efficiency liquid cooling an essential thermal management solution for stable high-load computing output.

The mandatory shift toward liquid cooling in AI computing is driven by soaring chip power consumption. New-generation AI chips including NVIDIA GB300 and next-gen Rubin architecture deliver ultra-high power output exceeding 1400W and 2500W respectively, while Google TPU v7 chips reach 980W and fully adopt liquid cooling configurations. Traditional air cooling has failed to meet the heat dissipation demands of kilowatt-level chips, making professional AI data center cooling solutions an indispensable foundation for stable AI computing operation.

The booming development of AI has brought a prominent industrial challenge: surging computing power is accompanied by soaring power consumption and extreme equipment heat. AI servers operate under 24-hour high-load conditions, generating massive heat that directly restricts the release of computing performance. Simply put, insufficient heat dissipation capacity means limited AI computing power, making professional liquid cooling for data center technologies the core solution to break the thermal bottleneck of modern AI infrastructure.